[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":164},["ShallowReactive",2],{"term-n\u002Fnat":3,"related-n\u002Fnat":145},{"id":4,"title":5,"acronym":6,"body":7,"category":125,"description":126,"difficulty":127,"extension":128,"letter":129,"meta":130,"navigation":82,"path":131,"related":132,"seo":138,"sitemap":139,"stem":142,"subcategory":143,"__hash__":144},"terms\u002Fterms\u002Fn\u002Fnat.md","NAT","Network Address Translation",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":119},"minimark",[10,15,19,23,26,30,108,112,115],[11,12,14],"h2",{"id":13},"eli5-the-vibe-check","ELI5 — The Vibe Check",[16,17,18],"p",{},"NAT is how your home router lets all your devices share one public IP address. Your phone, laptop, and TV each get a private IP (192.168.x.x), but to the outside world, they all look like ONE IP address. The router keeps track of who asked for what and routes responses back correctly.",[11,20,22],{"id":21},"real-talk","Real Talk",[16,24,25],{},"NAT is a method that remaps IP addresses by modifying packet headers as they pass through a router. The most common form, NAPT (Port Address Translation), maps many private IP:port combinations to a single public IP with different port numbers. Widely used to extend IPv4 address space.",[11,27,29],{"id":28},"show-me-the-code","Show Me The Code",[31,32,37],"pre",{"className":33,"code":34,"language":35,"meta":36,"style":36},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","# Private IP ranges (RFC 1918)\n10.0.0.0\u002F8        # Large private networks\n172.16.0.0\u002F12     # Medium private networks\n192.168.0.0\u002F16    # Home\u002Fsmall office networks\n\n# Example NAT translation:\n# Internal: 192.168.1.100:54321 → google.com:443\n# External: 203.0.113.1:54321   → google.com:443\n# (router translates 192.168.1.100 to 203.0.113.1)\n","bash","",[38,39,40,49,59,68,77,84,90,96,102],"code",{"__ignoreMap":36},[41,42,45],"span",{"class":43,"line":44},"line",1,[41,46,48],{"class":47},"sHwdD","# Private IP ranges (RFC 1918)\n",[41,50,52,56],{"class":43,"line":51},2,[41,53,55],{"class":54},"sBMFI","10.0.0.0\u002F8",[41,57,58],{"class":47},"        # Large private networks\n",[41,60,62,65],{"class":43,"line":61},3,[41,63,64],{"class":54},"172.16.0.0\u002F12",[41,66,67],{"class":47},"     # Medium private networks\n",[41,69,71,74],{"class":43,"line":70},4,[41,72,73],{"class":54},"192.168.0.0\u002F16",[41,75,76],{"class":47},"    # Home\u002Fsmall office networks\n",[41,78,80],{"class":43,"line":79},5,[41,81,83],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":82},true,"\n",[41,85,87],{"class":43,"line":86},6,[41,88,89],{"class":47},"# Example NAT translation:\n",[41,91,93],{"class":43,"line":92},7,[41,94,95],{"class":47},"# Internal: 192.168.1.100:54321 → google.com:443\n",[41,97,99],{"class":43,"line":98},8,[41,100,101],{"class":47},"# External: 203.0.113.1:54321   → google.com:443\n",[41,103,105],{"class":43,"line":104},9,[41,106,107],{"class":47},"# (router translates 192.168.1.100 to 203.0.113.1)\n",[11,109,111],{"id":110},"when-youll-hear-this","When You'll Hear This",[16,113,114],{},"\"All devices behind the NAT router share one public IP.\" \u002F \"NAT makes it hard to host services without port forwarding.\"",[116,117,118],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sHwdD, html code.shiki .sHwdD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":36,"searchDepth":51,"depth":51,"links":120},[121,122,123,124],{"id":13,"depth":51,"text":14},{"id":21,"depth":51,"text":22},{"id":28,"depth":51,"text":29},{"id":110,"depth":51,"text":111},"networking","NAT is how your home router lets all your devices share one public IP address. Your phone, laptop, and TV each get a private IP (192.168.x.","intermediate","md","n",{},"\u002Fterms\u002Fn\u002Fnat",[133,134,135,136,137],"IP Address","IPv4","Subnet","Firewall","Router",{"title":5,"description":126},{"changefreq":140,"priority":141},"weekly",0.7,"terms\u002Fn\u002Fnat",null,"Kv4dc_J_t9TG8rBDqDB-fMkHaWSjtiKrazendNwFtQI",[146,150,153,157,161],{"title":136,"path":147,"acronym":143,"category":125,"difficulty":148,"description":149},"\u002Fterms\u002Ff\u002Ffirewall","beginner","A firewall is the bouncer at your network's door. It checks every incoming and outgoing connection against a list of rules and blocks anything suspicious.",{"title":133,"path":151,"acronym":143,"category":125,"difficulty":148,"description":152},"\u002Fterms\u002Fi\u002Fip-address","An IP address is your device's home address on the internet.",{"title":134,"path":154,"acronym":155,"category":125,"difficulty":148,"description":156},"\u002Fterms\u002Fi\u002Fipv4","Internet Protocol version 4","IPv4 is the original address format for the internet — four numbers separated by dots, like 192.168.1.1. The problem?",{"title":137,"path":158,"acronym":143,"category":159,"difficulty":148,"description":160},"\u002Fterms\u002Fr\u002Frouter","backend","The router is the traffic cop of your backend.",{"title":135,"path":162,"acronym":143,"category":125,"difficulty":127,"description":163},"\u002Fterms\u002Fs\u002Fsubnet","A subnet is a smaller chunk of a larger network, like dividing a city into neighborhoods. All devices in a subnet can talk to each other directly.",1776518296759]